The Economy and People of Bhutan are closely connected through a rural, tradition-based way of life that emphasizes harmony with nature. Known for their warmth and hospitality, Bhutanese people belong to several ethnic groups, primarily the Sarchops, Ngalongs, and Lhotshampas. Smaller communities like the Bumthaps (Bumthang), Tsanglas (east), Layaps (northwest), Brokpas (northeast), and Doyas (southwest) each add to Bhutan’s cultural diversity, though they comprise only about 1% of the total population.

The economy of Bhutan is largely agrarian, with agriculture and livestock contributing around 45% to the nation’s Gross National Product (GNP). Nearly 89% of Bhutan’s rural population depends on farming for daily livelihood. Women are especially vital in this sector, with about 62% participating in agricultural activities. The terrain leads to narrow terraced farming along hillsides, preserving both land and tradition. Forestry adds approximately 15% to Bhutan’s GNP, while the rest is supported by small-scale industry and mining—highlighting the country’s strong ties to natural resources and sustainable practices.